Causes

Most sore throats are caused by a viral infection, including the common cold or flu. Other viruses include mononucleosis, measles, or chicken pox. Bacterial infections like strep throat (Streptococcus pyogenes), diphtheria, or whooping cough can cause a sore throat. Allergens like mold, pet dander, pollen, or cigarette smoke can also cause a sore throat.

Symptoms

A cough can vary from mild to persistent and may come with additional symptoms depending on the cause. These symptoms can help determine whether it’s due to a viral illness, allergies, or something more serious.

Common cough symptoms may include:

• Sore or scratchy throat
• Chest tightness or discomfort
• Mucus or phlegm production
• Wheezing or shortness of breath
• Postnasal drip or congestion
• Fatigue or low energy
• Fever or chills (in some cases)

Treatment

• Get plenty of rest to support your immune system
• Stay hydrated with water, warm tea, or broth
• Use over-the-counter cough suppressants or expectorants
• Soothe your throat with lozenges or honey (if age appropriate)
• Run a humidifier to add moisture to the air
• Try steam inhalation from a warm shower or bowl of hot water
• Elevate your head while sleeping to reduce nighttime coughing
• Manage allergies or congestion with antihistamines or decongestants

If your cough continues, worsens, or includes symptoms like fever or shortness of breath, it’s best to visit urgent care for a proper evaluation.